Please sign the Embassy's Guestbook
Visitors since October 14, 2006
|
|
Numbers may be also doubled, as is perceptible from upper examples. Usually the doubled numbers mean “too… successively”,”. .mal ". For example númnupa means “too secondly successively, twice, in pairs”. Here are the doubled forms of some basic figures.
| Basic figure | Doubled form |
| núpa | númnupa |
| yámni | yámnimni |
| tópa | tóbtopa |
| šákpe | šákpekpe |
Humans are exposed always to the weather and speak about it. In the Lakotasprache are most weather terms “stands” verbs.
(See also to chapter 13.2.4 the weather verbs.)
With enclosed this “beautiful weather its” are in the process words like mašté “sunshine” (maštéšte “it is sunny. ”) and okáluze “Brise”. (The sun is called wí.) one day can be described as wašté.
Words for bad weather features are coldly its” and olúluta “stifling osní “its”. If it is not damp hot, but, says one okháte instead of olúluta.
In the summer bad weather can be “windy” thaté to contain.
Some terms for varied rains are together laws of words with mní “water”. An additional meteorological phenomenon in the “Great Plains” is wasú “hail” (wá “snow” and sú “grain”).
Thaté can be easy (okálusluze). Sometimes we will feel thaté osní “cold wind”. But if the wind blows hot, one says khalyá thaté or thaté well okháte “the wind blows and is hot.”.
Another kind is the eddy wind or dust devil, it wamníyomni is called. The Lakota (Indian) often says that it is a spirit. A much violent wind of this kind is the eddy tower or Tornado, it becomes literal thatíyumni: “itself () turning wind” mentioned.
Woblú describes everything that whirls and falls down: Sand, snow etc.
In the winter it often snows. Afterwards the snow lies on the soil, which is called wá.
These words are only one part of the weather vocabulary of the Lakotasprache. If we learn it, then we are capable of in many situations to speak about the weather in of the Lakotasprache.
| mašté, maštéšte | It is sunny. |
| okáluza, okálusluza | Brise (sing.,), easily windy its, Lüftchen (sing.,), draft of air (sing., of the) |
| okháta | hot its, heat () |
| olúluta | oppressive stifling its, hot and damp its, sweat, stifling its |
| osní | cold weather its |
| thaté, thatéte | blow, blow windy, wind (sing.,), its |
| thatíyomni | a Tornado its, an eddy tower its, Tornadoes (sing.,), eddy tower (sing., of the) |
| wá | It snowed. Snow (sing., of the) |
| wamníyomni | Eddy wind (sing.,), dust devil (sing., of the) |
| wasú | Hail (sing.,), hail its |
For most humans are language and thoughts, or speaking and ideas, which resemble. That is not amazing, because all human natures used the language over to manipulate and conceptions express. It is not difficult to prove that conceptions have a separate existence of the language. How often did we have already an idea, for which it is difficult to find the correct words?
It is characteristic for the logic that some terms stand more closely with one another in the connection than others. We could speak of basis terms and secondary terms, which were derived from the basis terms. For example a basis term could have to be sung the verbal conception. The derived term could be singing (the designation of the action). The singer is the implementing of the action. Singing the attribute is for example as a singing bird. The piece of singing is the result of the action. The Vorsingen before a public. Some other related terms are: Concert, serenade, soloist, quartet. Many further k¨nnten to be still enumerated.
We can expect that words, which stand mental with one another in relationship are related also linguistically with one another. The above example has the common word trunk sings. With other verbs we will see that same grammatical elements are used.
| Basis word | Derived words | |
| sell | the sales | Designation of the action |
| the salesman | the implementing of the action | |
| sold | Attribute | |
| the buyer | ||
| the sales | Result of the action | |
| the buyer shop | Place, where the sales takes place | |
| fight | the fights | Designation of the action |
| the fighter | the implementing of the action | |
| fighting | Attribute | |
| the fight | Result of the action | |
| the combat place | Place, where the fight takes place |
These examples show the derivative of the nouns (thing words) and the adjectives (characteristic words) of verbs (Tätigkeitswörter). These examples clarify also the derivative of the verbs of nouns (the machine - mechanize, the house - live), verbs of adjectives (short - shorten, long - extend) or adverbs of nouns (the hour - hourly).
We will now use these knowledge, in order to learn with well-known Lakotaworten new related Lakotabegriffe.
We already learned Lakotaworte, which the word trunk the ending pi to have right after. By attaching pi we receive nouns from verbs.
| Verb | Noun | ||
| kaphópa | explode with a bang | kaphópapi | Lemonade, Selters |
| thí | stay, live | thípi | House, tent |
| wówa | paint, note | wówapi | Letter, book |
There are some Lakota nouns (thing words), where the derivative is somewhat more complicated. This Lakotaworte descends likewise from verbs.
| Verb | Noun | ||
| khalyá | heat up, become hot | wakhályapi | Coffee |
| wóta | eat | wáglotapi | Table |
The use of - pi for the noun formation of verbs is not possible always. We should not try, by attaching - pi to a verb, new Lakota nouns to invent.
Back to the Hompage - Lakota Oyate information
|
|