The Lakota grammar - part of 9

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12.7 the conjugation of the verbs:

tókha Thing its, loosely its
Toníkha he? What is the matter with you? (w. R.)
Toníkha huwó? What is the matter with you? (M.R.)
Toníkha pi he? What is the matter with you? (w. R.)
Toníkha pi huwó? What is the matter with you? (M.R.)
(Hená) tókha pi he? What is the matter with them? (w. R.)
(Hená) tókha pi huwó? What is the matter with them? (M.R.)
tuwé Who… its?
Nitúwe he? Who are you? (w. R.)
Nitúwe huwó? Who are you? (M.R.)
() tuwé he? Who is it? Who is it? Who is it? (w. R.)
() tuwé huwó? Who is it? Who is it? Who is it? (M.R.)
(Hená) tuwé pi he? Who are they? (w. R.)
(Hená) tuwé pi huwó? Who are they? (M.R.)
ú descend, on the way here its, here come
() ú. He comes (now) here. He descends….
It comes (now) here. It descends….
She comes (now) here. She descends….
(Hená) ú pi. They come (now) here. They descend…. (Individuals)
Command form:
Ú incoming goods!
Come!
Come here! (w. R.)
Ú where! Come!
Come here! (M.R.)
Ú pi ye! Comes!
Comes here! (w. R.)
Ú pi yo! Comes!
Comes here! (M.R.)
Ú po! Comes!
Comes here! (M.R. quick, manner of speaking)
Futur:
(Hé) ú kte.
He will come. It will come. She will come. It will come.
Possibility form:
(Hé) ú kte.
It w&uumlrde come. It would come. She would come. It would come.
wakpámni Things distribute, things distribute
wakšú sticken with beads, bead work make
wayákšú You make bead work. You stickst with beads.
waníyetu Winter its
wašté well its, prettily its, beautifully its
mawášte I am good.
niwášte You are good.
(Hé) wašté. It is good. It is pretty. It is beautiful.
It is good. It is pretty. It is beautiful.
It is good. It is pretty. It is beautiful.
Niwášte pi. You are good.
(Hená) wašté pi. They are good. (animated)
(Hená) waštéšte. They are good. (dead)
Futur:
(Hená) wašté pi kte.
They will be good.
Possibility form:
(Hená) wašté pi kte.
They would be good.
waštélaka may have, gladly
waštéwalake I like it. I like it. I like it. (Sing.)
I like it. I like it. I like it. (Sing.)
waštéyalake You like it. You like it. You like it. (Sing.)
You like it. You like it. You like it. (Sing.)
() waštélake. It likes it. It likes it. It likes it. (Sing.)
He likes it. He likes it. He likes it. (Sing.)
It likes it. It likes it. It likes it. (Sing.)
It likes it. It likes it. It likes it. (Sing.)
It likes it. It likes it. It likes it. (Sing.)
She likes it. She likes it. She likes it. (Sing.)
() wašténilake. It likes you. He likes you.
It likes you. It likes you.
It likes you. She likes you.
() wašténilaka pi. It likes you. He likes you.
It likes you. It likes you.
It likes you. She likes you.
Waštéyalaka pi. You like it. You like it. You like it. (Sing.)
You like it. You like it. You like it. (Sing.)
(Hená) waštélaka pi. They like it. They like it. They like it. (Sing.)
They like it. They like it. They like it. (Sing.) (individuals).
(Hená) wašténilaka pi. They like you. They like you.
waštéšte well its (dead Plural)
(Hená) waštéšte. They are good.
watúkha tiredly its
wamátukha I am tired.
wanítukha You are tired.
() watúkha. It is tired. It is tired. It is tired.
(Hená) watúkha pi. They are tired.
wayáwa into the school go, school to visit, study, text to read, to the school go
wabláwa I visit the school. I go into the school. I go to the school. I read text. I study.
waláwa You visit the school. You go into the school. You go to the school. You reads text. You study.
() wayáwa. It visits the school. It goes into the school. It goes to the school. It reads text. It studies.
It visits the school. It goes into the school. It goes to the school. It reads text. It studies.
It visits the school. It goes into the school. It goes to the school. It reads text. It studies.
Waláwa pi. You visit the school. You go into the school. You go to the school. You read text. You study.
(Hená) wayáwa pi. They visit the school. They go into the school. They go to the school. They read text. They study. (Individuals)
wóglaka converse
wóta eat, something eat
wawáte I eat… I eat something.
wayáte You eats… you eats something.
() wóte. He eats… it eats something. It eats… it eats something. She eats… you eats something.
Wayáta pi. You eat… you eat something.
(Hená) wóta pi. They eat… you eat something.
wówa mark, paint, mark, note, paint, note, indications left
yawá read, count
blawá I read it. I read it. I read it. (Sing.)
I count it. (dead)
lawá You reads it. You reads it. You reads it. (Sing.)
You count it. (dead)
yawá. It reads it. It reads it. It reads it. (Sing.)
It reads it. It reads it. It reads it. (Sing.)
It reads it. It reads it. It reads it. (Sing.)
Lawá pi. You read it. You read it. You read it. (Sing.)
You count it. (dead)
(Hená) yawá pi. They read it. They read it. They read it. (Sing.)
They count it. (dead)
(Hená) niyáwa pi. They count you (with). They count you (with).
Futur:
Blawá kte.
I will read it. I will read it. I will read it. (Sing.)
I will count. (dead)
Lawá kte. You will read it. You will read it. You will read it. (Sing.)
You will count it. (for dead nouns)
Lawá pi kte. You will read it. You will read it. You will read it. (Sing.)
You will count it. (for dead nouns)
Possibility form:
Blawá kte.
I would read it. I would read it. I would read it. (Sing.)
I would count. (for dead nouns)
Lawá kte. You would read it. You would read it. You would read it. (Sing.)
You would count it. (for dead nouns)
Lawá pi kte. You would read it. You would read it. You would read it. (Sing.)
You would count it. (for dead nouns)
going on the way there its, there its, there to run
blé I am on the way there. I went there. I went there. I ran there.
You are on the way there. You went there. You go (now) there. You went there. You ran there.
() yé. It is on the way there. It went there. It goes (now) there. It went there. It ran there. It is on the way there. It went there. It goes (now) there. It went there. It ran there. It is on the way there. It went there. It goes (now) there. It went there. It ran there.
Lá pi. You are on the way there. You go (now) there. You run (now) there. Went to it there. You there ran.
(Hená) yá pi. They are on the way there. They go (now) there. They run (now) there. (Individuals)
áye They are on the way there. They go (now) there. They run (now) there. (Collective)
Command form:
pi ye!
Goes there!
Run there! (w. R.)
pi yo! Goes there!
Run there! (M.R.)
po! Goes there!
Run there! (M.R. quick, manner of speaking)
Futur:
Mní kte.
I will be on the way there. I will go there. I will run there.
Ní kte. You will be on the way there. You will go there. You will run there.
Lá pi kte. You will be on the way there. Will go to it there. You there will run.
(Hená) yá pi kte. They will be on the way there. They will go there. They will run there. (Individuals
Possibility form:
Mní kte.
I would be on the way there. I would go there. I would run there.
Ní kte. You would be on the way there. You would go there. You would run there.
Lá pi kte. You would be on the way there. Would go to it there. You there would run.
(Hená) yá pi kte. They would be on the way there. They would go there. They would run there. (Individuals)
yuhá kept, possess, retain, have, hold, to acquire itself
bluhá I have it. I have it. I have it. (Sing.)
luhá You have it. You have it. You have it. (Sing.)
) yuhá. It has it. It has it. It has it. (Sing.)
It has it. It has it. It has it. (Sing.)
It has it. It has it. It has it. (Sing.)
Luhá pi. You have it. You have it. You have it. (Sing.)
(Hená) yuhá pi. They have it. They have it. They have it. (Sing.) (individuals)
Futur:
Hé mayúha kte.
It will keep me. It will have me. It will keep me. It will have me.
Possibility form:
Hé mayúha kte.
It would keep me. It would have me. It would keep me. It would have me.
yúta use (with object) eat
wáte I ate it. I ate it. I ate it. (Sing.)
I eat it. I eat it. I eat it.
yáte You eats it. You eats it. You eats it.
() yúte. He eats it. He eats it. He eats it.
It eats it. It eats it. It eats it.
She eats it. She eats it. She eats it.
Yáta pi. You eat it. You eat it. You eat it. (Sing.)
(Hená) yúta pi. They eat it. They eat it. They eat it. (Sing.)
Command form:
Yúta ye!
Eat! (w. R.)
Yúta yo! Eat! (M.R.)
zizí palely its, yellow its (Plural for dead nouns)
palely its, yellow its
mazí I am pale. I am yellow.
nizí You are pale. You are yellow.
Nizí pi. You are pale. You are yellow.

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